For a simpler, updated version of this guide, please see:
http://klenwell.com/is/UbuntuCommandLineGmailproblem
I want to send email using the command line on my laptop Ubuntu system. Mainly for cron jobs and automated backups. I want to be able to do so without having to set up a full-fledged MTA like sendmail or exim. And I want to be able to use either my ISP email account or a Gmail account.
Seemed simple enough and it probably is for people who do this type of thing for a living. Took me all night. So hopefully this will save someone else (perhaps me again in the future) hours of unnecessary frustration.
solution
First, look at
this diagram from Wikipedia. Without being able to find a simple step-by-step tutorial to guide me, the biggest problem I was having was sorting out what was my
MUA, what was my
MTA, and what if anything I needed to connect the two. Long story short, they are as follows:
MUA (the client): nail (you can also use mailx or mutt or even evolution)
MTA (the mail server): your isp or gmail
MSA (smtp middle man): msmtp (a simple MTA that gets mail from your client to your real MTA or mailhub)
step-by-step
Install the needed programs
$ sudo apt-get install msmtp
$ sudo apt-get install nail
Install Thawte certificate for Gmail
This is necessary (I think) for Gmail. Probably the most complicated step, though not too bad thanks to instructions
here:
$ mkdir -p ~/etc/.certs
$ chmod 0700 ~/etc/.certs
$ cd ~/etc/.certs
$ wget https://www.verisign.com/support/thawte-roots.zip --no-check-certificate
$ unzip thawte-roots.zip
$ cp Thawte\ Server\ Roots/ThawtePremiumServerCA_b64.txt ThawtePremiumServerCA.crt
Configure msmtp
Replace UPPERCASE text with your personal settings
$ gedit ~/.msmtprc
This will open up an msmtp configuration file where you'll want to copy the following lines, with your correct settings, of course:
# config options: http://msmtp.sourceforge.net/doc/msmtp.html#A-user-configuration-file
defaults
logfile /tmp/msmtp.log
# isp account
account isp
auth login
host SMTP.YOURISP.COM
port 25
user YOURNAME@ISP.COM
from YOURNAME@ISP.COM
password *****
# gmail account
account gmail
auth on
host smtp.gmail.com
port 587
user YOURNAME@gmail.com
password *****
from YOURNAME@gmail.com
tls on
tls_trust_file /home/USER/etc/.certs/ThawtePremiumServerCA.crt
# set default account to use (from above)
account default : isp
Change permission on this file or msmtp will complain:
$ chmod 600 ~/.msmtprc
Configure nail
$ gedit ~/.mailrc
The key line below is "set message-sendmail-extra-arguments". It seemed like I should have been able to add this to the set sendmail command. Suffice to say, not well documented.
# set smtp for nail
# ref: http://ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=4531994&postcount=6
# docs: http://msmtp.sourceforge.net/doc/msmtp.html#Configuration-files
# isp account (default)
# $ nail -s "subject line" -a /path/file recipient@email.com < /path/body.txt
set from="YOURNAME@ISP.COM"
set sendmail="/usr/bin/msmtp"
set message-sendmail-extra-arguments="-a isp"
# gmail account
# $ nail -A gmail -s "subject line" -a /path/file recipient@email.com < /path/body.txt
account gmail {
set from="YOURNAME@gmail.com (YOURNAME)"
set sendmail="/usr/bin/msmtp"
set message-sendmail-extra-arguments="-a gmail"
}
Send test messages for both accounts
$ echo -e "testing email from the command line" > /tmp/test_email
$ nail -s "isp test" YOURNAME@gmail.com < /tmp/test_email
$ nail -A gmail -s "gmail test" YOURNAME@gmail.com < /tmp/test_email
Check your gmail account and you should have two new messages -- one from that account and one from your ISP account. To check your log:
$ gedit /tmp/msmtp.log
Conclusion
Only took me all Friday night to figure this out. But, hey, better than getting drunk, stoned, and laid. :)
I've added this post to ubuntuforums.org:
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=780509Labels: ubuntu